Contributed by John B. Goodenough, September 30, 2016 (sent for review August 24, 2016; reviewed by Ken Poeppelmeier and Jean-Marie Tarascon) ...

Edited by Joaquin Rodriquez-Lopez, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL; received November 1, 2025; accepted May 5, 2026 by Editorial Board Member Marcetta Y. Darensbourg ...

Ferroptosis, a form of cell death driven by excessive lipid peroxidation, is induced by inhibiting GPX4, a key regulator of ferroptosis. Wang et al. reported that MALT1 protease activity regulates ...

Why do scientists with similar backgrounds and abilities often end up achieving very different degrees of success? A classic explanation is that academic achievement exhibits a “Matthew effect”: Early ...

In this report we address the molecular mechanisms by which elevated eIF2 phosphorylation controls mouse ATF4 expression. We find that the two uORFs contribute differentially to ATF4 translation.

Phagocytosis is a principal component of the body’s innate immunity in which macrophages internalize targets in an actin-dependent manner. Targets vary widely in shape and size and include particles ...

A Science Strategy for Human Exploration of Mars (1), charts a bold, scientifically based blueprint for humanity’s greatest cosmic adventure—sending explorers to Mars to answer the universe’s most ...

Many swimming and flying animals are observed to cruise in a narrow range of Strouhal numbers, where the Strouhal number S t = 2 f A / U is a dimensionless parameter that relates stroke frequency f, ...

For further details, see Fig. 4 and Tables 3–14, which are published as supporting information on the PNAS web site. Clustering analysis of 540 samples representing six solid cancers and the ...

Emotions coordinate our behavior and physiological states during survival-salient events and pleasurable interactions. Even though we are often consciously aware of our current emotional state, such ...

There exists extraordinary morphological and genetic diversity among the maize landraces that have been developed by pre-Columbian cultivators. To explain this high level of diversity in maize, ...

Assembling the mitochondrial ATP synthase The assembly of the mitochondrial ATP synthase is a complicated process that involves the coordinated association of mitochondrially and nuclear encoded ...